What types of claims can be subject to permissive joinder?

Permissive joinder allows parties to combine claims in a single action when those claims share a common question of law or fact. This principle is rooted in the efficiency of judicial resources, as it enables related cases to be tried together, thereby avoiding the possibility of inconsistent judgments and reducing the burden on the court system.

When claims share a common question, they are considered to arise out of the same transaction or occurrence, or they can be connected through a common legal or factual issue, making it sensible to address them together in one lawsuit. This approach supports both judicial efficiency and convenience for the parties involved.

The other options do not fit the criteria for permissive joinder. For instance, claims that involve different parties do not automatically qualify for joinder if they lack a common issue. Claims arising from unrelated transactions also fail to meet the commonality requirement, as they do not connect through shared legal or factual questions. Lastly, claims that require separate litigation suggest a lack of connection that would make joinder inappropriate. Thus, the principle of permissive joinder focuses specifically on the presence of commonalities to justify the consolidation of claims in one proceeding.