What is the "anchor claim" in supplemental jurisdiction?

The concept of the "anchor claim" in supplemental jurisdiction refers to the original claim that establishes federal jurisdiction, which then allows for related claims to be considered within the same action. This anchor claim is crucial because it connects the case to the federal court's authority.

When a federal court has jurisdiction over a primary claim, it can also exercise supplemental jurisdiction over other claims that are related to the anchor claim, even if those additional claims would not independently satisfy the requirements for federal jurisdiction. This allows for efficiencies in the legal process and prevents multiple lawsuits for related matters.

In contrast, while other choices mention aspects of claims or jurisdiction, they do not capture the essence of what the anchor claim does in the context of supplemental jurisdiction as effectively. Thus, the emphasis is on the relationship between the anchor claim and the ability of the court to hear additional related claims, making the identification of the anchor claim critical for understanding supplemental jurisdiction.